Showing posts with label Polio. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Polio. Show all posts

Monday, June 22, 2015

Health News: FDA Seizes Counterfeit Drugs, Devices Sold Online ♦Increased anxiety associated with sitting down ♦ Scientists turn white fat into obesity-fighting beige fat

FDA Seizes Counterfeit Drugs, Devices Sold Online  The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced June 18 that it had worked with international partners to seize counterfeit medicines and medical devices being sold over 1,050 Web sites worldwide. The FDA also sent warning letters to the operators of nearly 400 sites selling illegal prescription medicines and unapproved medical devices online, as part of an international effort led by Interpol.
Increased anxiety associated with sitting down Low-energy activities that involve sitting down are associated with an increased risk of anxiety, according to new research. These activities, which include watching TV, working at a computer or playing electronic games, are called sedentary behavior
Scientists turn white fat into obesity-fighting beige fat Scientists have shown that berries, grapes and other fruits convert excess white fat into calorie-burning 'beige' fat, providing new strategies for the prevention and treatment of obesity. In the study, mice were fed a high fat diet. Those receiving resveratrol in amounts equivalent to 12 ounces of fruit per day for humans gained about 40 percent less weight than control mice.
Access to electricity is linked to reduced sleep New research comparing traditional hunter-gatherer living conditions to a more modern setting shows that access to artificial light and electricity has shortened the amount of sleep humans get each night.
How to wipe out polio and prevent its re-emergence Public health officials stand poised to eliminate polio from the planet. But a new study shows that the job won't be over when the last case of the horrible paralytic disease is recorded. Using disease-transmission models, graduate researchers demonstrate that silent transmission of poliovirus could continue for more than three years with no reported cases.

Monday, May 26, 2014

5/26/14 Health News: Are safety studies for GM soy fraudulent? ♦ 5,000 POTENTIALLY EXPOSED TO HEPATITIS A ♦ New MRSA Superbug Emerges in Brazil ♦ Polio Hits Equatorial Guinea,

Are substantial equivalence & safety studies for GM soy fraudulent?
Over 10 years ago the Pacific Ecologist reported that a Japanese research team uncovered serious discrepancies in safety reports submitted by Monsanto to the Japanese Health and Welfare Ministry. The Safety Assessment Application Documents were submitted in order to obtain a safety certificate necessary for the import of genetically modified (GM) soy to Japan

5,000 CUSTOMERS POTENTIALLY EXPOSED TO HEPATITIS A AT MISSOURI RED ROBIN
The Springfield-Greene County Health Department is vaccinating customers of a Red Robin restaurant in Springfield, MO, who may have been exposed to Hepatitis A between May 8-16. Health officials are worried that 5,000 people may have been exposed after a restaurant worker was diagnosed with the virus. In order for the vaccine to work, it must... Continue Reading
New MRSA Superbug Emerges in Brazil
An international research team led by Cesar A. Arias, MD, PhD, at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, has identified a new bacterium that caused a bloodstream infection in a Brazilian patient. The new bacterium is part of a class of highly resistant bacteria known as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). It has also acquired high levels of resistance to vancomycin. Genomic analyses indicated that this novel vancomycin-resistant MRSA bacterium belongs to a genetic lineage that is commonly found outside hospitals (designated community-associated MRSA).
“This is the first-ever reported bloodstream infection caused by a highly vancomycin-resistant MRSA bacterium,” Arias says. “If we lose vancomycin, it would make it very difficult and expensive to treat these infections.”Continue Reading

Polio Hits Equatorial Guinea, Threatens Central Africa

Health officials are worried. After being free of polio for nearly 15 years, Equatorial Guinea has reported two cases of the disease. The children paralyzed are in two distant parts of the country. So the virus may have spread widely across the small nation. The outbreak is dangerous, in part, because Equatorial Guinea has the worst polio vaccination rate in the world: 39 percent. The Equatorial Guinea outbreak can be traced to neighboring Cameroon, where seven children have been paralyzed by polio since October.Continue Reading

Monday, April 7, 2014

Travel Alert: Polio in Iraq

According to the Iraqi Ministry of Health, as of March 21, 2014, 1 case of polio has been reported in a suburb northeast of Baghdad. This is the first polio case reported from Iraq since 2000.
CDC recommends that all travelers to Iraq be fully vaccinated against polio. In addition, adults should receive a one-time booster dose of polio vaccine.
Because of the risk of cross-border transmission, CDC recommends a one-time booster dose of polio vaccine for fully vaccinated adults who are traveling to Iran to work in health care facilities, refugee camps, or other humanitarian aid settings. This kind of work might put people in contact with someone who has polio.
What is polio?
Polio is a disease caused by a virus that is mainly spread by person-to-person contact and eating or drinking items contaminated with the feces of an infected person. Polio can also be spread through water, other drinks, and raw or undercooked food.
Most people with polio do not feel sick. Some people have only minor symptoms, such as fever, tiredness, nausea, headache, nasal congestion, sore throat, cough, stiffness in the neck and back, and pain in the arms and legs. Most people recover completely. In rare cases, polio causes permanent loss of muscle function in the arms or legs (usually the legs) or death.
What can travelers do to prevent polio?
  • Get the polio vaccine:
    • Ask your doctor or nurse to find out if you are up-to-date with your polio vaccination and whether you need a booster dose before traveling. Even if you were vaccinated as a child or have been sick with polio before, you may need a booster dose to make sure that you are protected. See individual destination pages for vaccine recommendation information.
    • Make sure children are vaccinated.
    • See Vaccine Information Statements (VIS) for more information.
  • Eat Safe Foods:
    • Food that is cooked and served hot
    • Hard-cooked eggs
    • Fruits and vegetables you have washed in clean water or peeled yourself
    • Pasteurized dairy products
  • Don’t Eat:
    • Food served at room temperature
    • Food from street vendors
    • Raw or soft-cooked (runny) eggs
    • Raw or undercooked (rare) meat or fish
    • Unwashed or unpeeled raw fruits and vegetables
    • Peelings from fruit or vegetables
    • Condiments (such as salsa) made with fresh ingredients
    • Salads
    • Unpasteurized dairy products
    • ”Bushmeat” (monkeys, bats, or other wild game)
  • Drink Safe Beverages:
    • Bottled water that is sealed (carbonated is safer)
    • Water that has been disinfected (boiled, filtered, treated)
    • Ice made with bottled or disinfected water
    • Carbonated drinks
    • Hot coffee or tea
    • Pasteurized milk
  • Don’t Drink:
    • Tap or well water
    • Ice made with tap or well water
    • Drinks made with tap or well water (such as reconstituted juice)
    • Flavored ice and popsicles
    • Unpasteurized milk
  • For more information, see Food and Water Safety.
  • Practice hygiene and cleanliness:
    • Wash your hands often.
    • If soap and water aren’t available, clean hands with hand sanitizer (containing at least 60% alcohol).
    • Don’t touch your eyes, nose, or mouth. If you need to touch your face, make sure your hands are clean.
    • Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or your sleeve (not your hands) when coughing or sneezing.
    • Try to avoid close contact, such as kissing, hugging, or sharing eating utensils or cups with people who are sick.
Clinician Information:
All travelers to any country should be up-to-date on routine vaccinations, including polio vaccine. CDC recommends a one-time adult inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) booster dose for travelers to certain countries. See the Vaccine section in Chapter 3, Poliomyelitis, CDC Health Information for International Travel, for specific vaccination details.

Monday, February 24, 2014

2/24/14 Health News: Emerging Polio-like Disease - New Kind of Transplant Bank - Study Casts Doubts on Value of Mammograms - Human Lung Made in Lab

US Doctors Are Warning of an Emerging Polio-like Disease
US doctors are warning of an emerging polio-like disease in California where up to 20 people have been infected.A meeting of the American Academy of Neurology heard that some patients had developed paralysis in all four limbs, which had not improved with treatment Continue Reading
A New Kind of Transplant Bank
Nearly a year ago, Mark Smith, a 27-year-old doctoral candidate, and three colleagues launched OpenBiome, the nation’s first human stool bank. Its mission: to provide doctors with safe, inexpensive fecal material from screened donors to treat patients with Clostridium difficile, a gastrointestinal infection that kills at least 14,000 Americans a year. “People are dying, and it’s crazy because we know what the solution is,” Mr. Smith said. “People are doing fecal transplants in their basements and may not be doing any of the right screening or sterile preparation. We need an intermediate solution until there are commercial products on the market.” But where to get healthy donor stool?  For doctors, it’s a tedious, time-consuming process, and some patients turn awkwardly to relatives or friends. Since September, OpenBiome has delivered more than 135 frozen, ready-to-use preparations to 13 hospitals. The nonprofit project fields dozens of requests from doctors, hospitals and patients every week. (The preparations are not sent directly to patients.) .Continue Reading
Vast Study Casts Doubts on Value of Mammograms
One of the largest and most meticulous studies of mammography ever done, involving 90,000 women and lasting a quarter-century, has added powerful new doubts about the value of the screening test for women of any age. It found that the death rates from breast cancer and from all causes were the same in women who got mammograms and those who did not.  And the screening had harms: One in five cancers found with mammography and treated was not a threat to the woman’s health and did not need treatment such as chemotherapy, surgery or radiation.Continue Reading

Human Lung Made in Lab for First Time

For the first time, scientists have created human lungs in a lab -- an exciting step forward in regenerative medicine, but an advance that likely won't help patients for many years. "It's so darn cool," said Joan Nichols, a researcher at the University of Texas Medical Branch. "It's been science fiction and we're moving into science fact." If the lungs work -- and that's a big if -- they could help the more than 1,600 people awaiting a lung transplant. Lungs are one of many body parts being manufactured in the lab -- some parts, such as tracheas and livers, are even further along.Continue Reading

Friday, January 24, 2014

1/24/14 Health News: Green Tea Impedes Blood Pressure Medication - 5 Min. Test Identifies Exposure to Second Hand Cigarette Smoke - India Polio Free


’Green Tea 'Can Impede Nadolol Blood Pressure Medicine'
Green tea can weaken the effects of a commonly prescribed blood pressure pill, experts warn. Japanese researchers found the herbal drink blocks special cell transporters that normally help the body absorb the beta-blocker medicine. In tests, people who drank green tea alongside taking their tablets ended up with lower circulating blood levels of the drug nadolol. Experts say consumers need to be aware of this interaction.continue reading



Five Minute Saliva Test to Identify Smokers Rolled Out to Health Schemes, UK
Smokers who need extra incentives to quit the cigarettes this new year should take note that even private health insurance premiums may be reduced if they can prove they have stopped for good - and with the aid of a pioneering test from the University of Birmingham, the proof can be easy to acquire. The Saliva SmokeScreen test is part of the PruHealth free Vitality Healthcheck programme to verify non-smoking in their policy holders, so they can qualify for its unique non-smoker cash back reward. The saliva test, which was developed by Dr Graham Cope continue reading

1.2 Billion Reasons to Celebrate: India Set To Be Polio-free
This is a landmark achievement for global public health and the worldwide effort to eradicate polio. India, which once had the highest number of polio cases in the world, is now polio-free, an achievement reports say the World Health Organisation will certify in February. But it's been a long road to get here. With poor sanitation, densely populated areas and large numbers of people living in extreme poverty, northern states like Uttar Pradesh and Bihar were the 'perfect storm' when it came to the spread of polio. And without the vital collaboration between the Indian government and the global polio eradication initiative – a partnership among Rotary International, Unicef, WHO and the US Centre for Disease Control and Prevention – this may not have been possible.continue reading

Thursday, November 21, 2013

Fighting Polio in Pakistan and Afghanistan

Not reaching every child jeopardizes progress and risks reintroduction in other parts of the world
saw an overall decrease in wild poliovirus (WPV) cases from January – September 2013 compared with the same time period in 2012 according to data published in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Since 2012, transmission of indigenous WPV has been limited to three countries: Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Nigeria. Results for Nigeria will be released in December.
Both countries still face significant challenges in reaching unvaccinated children. Afghanistan is fighting a polio outbreak in the Eastern Region while Pakistan continues to see polio increases in the conflict-affected Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), where there is a ban on polio vaccination, and in security-compromised Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province. The potential risk of transmission to other countries highlights the need for strong ongoing global efforts to eradicate this disease.
“Although there have been setbacks, we are making progress towards global polio eradication,” said CDC Director Dr. Tom Frieden, M.D., M.P.H. “There is encouraging progress in Afghanistan, but, as long as transmission is uninterrupted in Pakistan and Nigeria, the risk for spread to other countries continues because polio anywhere presents a threat of polio everywhere."

Wednesday, October 30, 2013

Syria: 10 Confirmed Cases of Polio

Following reports of a cluster of 22 acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases on [17 Oct 2013] in the Syrian Arab Republic, wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) has been isolated from 10 of the cases under investigation. Final genetic sequencing results are pending to determine the origin of the isolated viruses. Wild poliovirus had not been detected in the Syrian Arab Republic since 1999.
Most of the cases are very young (below 2 years of age), and were un- or under-immunized. Estimated immunization rates in the Syrian Arab Republic declined from 91 percent in 2010 to 68 percent in 2012.
Even before this laboratory confirmation, health authorities in the Syrian Arab Republic and neighbouring countries had begun the planning and implementation of a comprehensive outbreak response. On [24 Oct 2013], an already-planned large scale supplementary immunization activity (SIA) was launched in the Syrian Arab Republic to vaccinate 1.6 million children against polio, measles, mumps, and rubella, in both government-controlled and contested areas.
Implementation of an SIA in Deir Al Zour [Dayr az Zawr] province commenced promptly when the 1st 'hot cases' were reported. Larger-scale outbreak response across the Syrian Arab Republic and neighbouring countries is anticipated to begin in early November 2013, to last for at least 6 to 8 months depending on the area and based on evolving epidemiology.
Given the current situation in the Syrian Arab Republic, frequent population movements across the region and subnational immunity gaps in key areas, the risk of further international spread of wild poliovirus type 1 across the region is considered to be high. A surveillance alert has been issued for the region to actively search for additional potential cases.
WHO's International Travel and Health recommends that all travellers to and from polio-infected areas be fully vaccinated against polio.
Source http://www.promedmail.org/

Friday, October 25, 2013

Suspected Polio Outbreak in Syrian Province Spreads

At least 22 people are now suspected of having polio in Syria, where health officials are scrambling to respond to the 1st outbreak of the crippling viral disease in 14 years, the World Health Organization (WHO) said on Thursday [24 Oct 2013].
Most of those stricken with acute flaccid paralysis -- a symptom of diseases including polio -- in the eastern province of Deir al-Zor are children under the age of 2, WHO spokesman Oliver Rosenbauer said."There is a cluster of 22 acute flaccid paralysis cases that is being investigated in that area,". "Everybody is treating this as an outbreak and is in outbreak response mode."
The WHO, a UN agency, announced on Saturday that 2 suspected cases of polio had been detected, the 1st appearance of the disease in Syria since 1999.Initial tests came back positive for polio in 2 of the 22 cases and final laboratory results due next week from a WHO reference laboratory in Tunis are "very, very likely" to confirm presence of the virus, Rosenbauer said.
There is no cure for the highly infectious disease; it can only be prevented through immunization, usually 3 doses.
More than 100 000 children under age 5 [years] are deemed at risk of polio in Deir al-Zor province, he said. Most of the countryside is in opposition hands but the city of Deir al-Zor itself is still partially controlled by government forces.
"The main concern right now is to quickly launch an immunization response," Rosenbauer said. Vaccination campaigns are being planned across Syria from November [2013] but logistics in a civil war are still being discussed. With some 4000 Syrian refugees leaving the country daily, immunization campaigns are also planned in neighboring countries, where there may be gaps in coverage, he said.
Most of the 22 victims are believed never to have been vaccinated or to have received only a single dose of the oral polio vaccine, Rosenbauer said.
Polio invades the nervous system and can cause irreversible paralysis within hours. It is endemic in just 3 countries, Nigeria, Pakistan and Afghanistan, but sporadic cases also occur in other countries.Rosenbauer, asked whether the virus may have been imported into Syria by a foreign combatant fighting in the civil war, replied: "The 1st step is virological verification that it is the polio virus.
"The next step is that every isolated virus gets looked at genetically to see where is the parent. Hopefully that will provide some clarity on where it would have come from," he said.
The outbreak is the latest setback to international efforts to eradicate polio -- as well adding another dimension to Syria's worsening humanitarian crisis as the war forces people from their homes and destroys health systems.
Polio cases worldwide decreased from an estimated 350 000 cases when the campaign began in 1988 to 223 reported cases in 2012, according to WHO. So far this year [2013] -- not including the 22 unconfirmed cases in Syria -- there have been 296 cases of wild poliovirus worldwide.

Friday, August 30, 2013

Polio in Somalia, Kenya, and Ethiopia

According to the Global Polio Eradication Initiative, as of August 20, 2013, 108 cases of polio have been reported from Somalia since April 2013. These are the first wild poliovirus cases reported in Somalia since 2007.
Also, 12 polio cases have been reported from Kenya. These are the first wild poliovirus cases confirmed in Kenya since July 2011. One case from July has been reported from the Somali Region of Ethiopia. This is the first wild poliovirus case reported in Ethiopia since 2008.
CDC recommends that all travelers to Somalia, Kenya, and Ethiopia be fully vaccinated against polio. In addition, adults should receive a one-time booster dose of polio vaccine.
Because of the risk of cross-border transmission, CDC recommends a one-time booster dose of polio vaccine for adults who are traveling to Djibouti, Eritrea, South Sudan, and Yemen and who are working in health care facilities, refugee camps, or other humanitarian aid settings. This kind of work might put people in contact with someone who has polio.
What is polio?
Polio is a disease caused by a virus that is mainly spread by person-to-person contact and eating or drinking items contaminated with the feces of an infected person. Polio can also be spread through water, other drinks, and raw or undercooked food.
Most people with polio do not feel sick. Some people have only minor symptoms, such as fever, tiredness, nausea, headache, nasal congestion, sore throat, cough, stiffness in the neck and back, and pain in the arms and legs. Most people recover completely. In rare cases, polio causes permanent loss of muscle function in the arms or legs (usually the legs) or death.
What can travelers do to prevent polio?
  • Get the polio vaccine:
    • Ask your doctor or nurse to find out if you are up-to-date with your polio vaccination and whether you need a booster dose before traveling. Even if you were vaccinated as a child or have been sick with polio before, you may need a booster dose to make sure that you are protected. See individual destination pages for vaccine recommendation information.
    • Make sure children are vaccinated.
    • See Vaccine Information Statements (VIS) for more information.
  • Eat Safe Foods:
    • Food that is cooked and served hot
    • Hard-cooked eggs
    • Fruits and vegetables you have washed in clean water or peeled yourself
    • Pasteurized dairy products
  • Don’t Eat:
    • Food served at room temperature
    • Food from street vendors
    • Raw or soft-cooked (runny) eggs
    • Raw or undercooked (rare) meat or fish
    • Unwashed or unpeeled raw fruits and vegetables
    • Peelings from fruit or vegetables
    • Condiments (such as salsa) made with fresh ingredients
    • Salads
    • Unpasteurized dairy products
    • ”Bushmeat” (monkeys, bats, or other wild game)
  • Drink Safe Beverages:
    • Bottled water that is sealed (carbonated is safer)
    • Water that has been disinfected (boiled, filtered, treated)
    • Ice made with bottled or disinfected water
    • Carbonated drinks
    • Hot coffee or tea
    • Pasteurized milk
  • Don’t Drink:
    • Tap or well water
    • Ice made with tap or well water
    • Drinks made with tap or well water (such as reconstituted juice)
    • Flavored ice and popsicles
    • Unpasteurized milk
  • For more information, see Food and Water Safety.
  • Practice hygiene and cleanliness:
    • Wash your hands often.
    • If soap and water aren’t available, clean hands with hand sanitizer (containing at least 60% alcohol).
    • Don’t touch your eyes, nose, or mouth. If you need to touch your face, make sure your hands are clean.
    • Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or your sleeve (not your hands) when coughing or sneezing.
    • Try to avoid close contact, such as kissing, hugging, or sharing eating utensils or cups with people who are sick.
Total polio cases Worldwide


Countries
Year-to-date 2013

Year-to-date 2012





Total in
2012
Date of most  
recent case

 WPV
 Total
 WPV1
 WPV3
W1W3
 Total


Pakistan
25
25
26
2
1
29
58
27-Jul-13
Afghanistan
             4
4
17
17
37
23-Jul-13
Nigeria
43
43
61
16
77
122
23-Jul-13
Chad
5
5
5
14-Jun-12
Ethiopia
1
1
        
0
10-Jul-13
Kenya
13
13
0
14-Jul-13
Somalia
128
128



0
30-Jul-13
Niger

1
15-Nov-12
Total
214
214
109
18
1
128
223

Total in endemic countries     
72
72
104
18
1
123
217
Total outbreak
142
142
5
0
0
5
6